Tasks in VS Code can be configured to run scripts and start processes so that many of these existing tools can be used from within VS Code without having to enter a command line or write new code.
Workspace or folder specific tasks are configured from the tasks.json file in the .vscode folder for a workspace.
One of the key features of Visual Studio Code is its great debugging support. VS Code's built-in debugger helps accelerate your edit, compile and debug loop.
VS Code keeps debugging configuration information in a launch.json file located in a .vscode folder in your workspace (project root folder).
{// Tasks in VS Code can be configured to run scripts and start processes// so that many of these existing tools can be used from within VS Code // without having to enter a command line or write new code.// Workspace or folder specific tasks are configured from the tasks.json file in the .vscode folder for a workspace."version":"2.0.0","tasks":[{// The task's label used in the user interface.// Terminal -> Run Task... 看到的名字"label":"g++ compile",// The task's type. For a custom task, this can either be shell or process.// If shell is specified, the command is interpreted as a shell command (for example: bash, cmd, or PowerShell).// If process is specified, the command is interpreted as a process to execute."type":"shell",// shell: 输入命令// The actual command to execute.// 因为g++已经在环境变量中了，所以我们这里写命令就行不用写g++的绝对路径"command":"g++","args":["${file}",// 表示当前文件（绝对路径）// 在这里添加你还需要链接的.cpp文件"-o","${fileDirname}/${fileBasenameNoExtension}.out","-W","-Wall","-g","-std=c++17",],// Defines to which execution group this task belongs to.// It supports "build" to add it to the build group and "test" to add it to the test group.// Tasks that belong to the build/test group can be executed by running Run Build/Test Task from the Command Palette (sft cmd P).// Valid values:// "build",// {"kind":"build","isDefault":true}, // "test",// {"kind":"test","isDefault":true}, // "none"."group":{"kind":"build","isDefault":true,// Defines if this task is the default task in the group.},// Configures the panel that is used to present the task's output and reads its input."presentation":{// Controls whether the executed command is echoed to the panel. Default is true."echo":true,// 打开可以看到编译的命令，把命令本身输出一次// Controls whether the terminal running the task is revealed or not. Default is "always".// always: Always reveals the terminal when this task is executed.// silent: Only reveals the terminal if the task exits with an error or the problem matcher finds an error.(会显示错误，但不会显示警告)// never: Never reveals the terminal when this task is executed."reveal":"silent",// 控制在集成终端中是否显示。如果没问题那我不希望终端被切换、如果有问题我希望能看到编译过程哪里出错，所以选silent(可能always会好一些)// Controls whether the panel takes focus. Default is false."focus":false,// 我的理解是：是否将鼠标移过去。因为这个是编译任务，我们不需要输入什么东西，所以选false// Controls if the panel is shared between tasks, dedicated to this task or a new one is created on every run."panel":"shared",// shared:不同任务的输出使用同一个终端panel（为了少生成几个panel我们选shared）// Controls whether to show the `Terminal will be reused by tasks, press any key to close it` message."showReuseMessage":true,// 就一句话，你想看就true，不想看就false// Controls whether the terminal is cleared before executing the task."clear":false,// 还是保留之前的task输出信息比较好。所以不清理},// Other two choices: options & runOptions (cmd I to use IntelliSense)"options":{// The current working directory of the executed program or script. If omitted Code's current workspace root is used."cwd":"${workspaceFolder}",// 默认就是这个，删掉也没问题},// problemMatcher: 用正则表达式提取g++的输出中的错误信息并将其显示到VS Code下方的Problems窗口// check: https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/editor/tasks#_defining-a-problem-matcher"problemMatcher":{"owner":"cpp","fileLocation":"absolute","pattern":{"regexp":"^(.*):(\\d+):(\\d+):\\s+(warning|error):\\s+(.*)$","file":1,"line":2,"column":3,"severity":4,"message":5,},},// 官网教程 https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/cpp/config-clang-mac#_build-helloworldcpp // 提到了另一种problemMatcher，但试了之后好像不起作用，甚至还把我原本的电脑搞出了一些问题……},{"label":"Open Terminal.app","type":"shell","command":"osascript -e 'tell application \"Terminal\"\ndo script \"echo now VS Code is able to open Terminal.app\"\nend tell'","problemMatcher":[],"group":"none",}]}
{// One of the key features of Visual Studio Code is its great debugging support.// VS Code's built-in debugger helps accelerate your edit, compile and debug loop.// VS Code keeps debugging configuration information in a launch.json file// located in a .vscode folder in your workspace (project root folder)."version":"0.2.0","configurations":[{/* ------ these three options are mandatory ------ */// The type of debugger to use for this launch configuration."type":"cppdbg",// C++ debug// The request type of this launch configuration. Currently, launch and attach are supported.// If you come from a server or desktop background, // it's quite normal to have your editor launch your process for you, // and your editor automatically attaches its debugger to the newly launched process.// A launch configuration starts your app in debug mode before VS Code attaches to it.// 大概意思是说，如果你开始debug的时候你的项目已经启起来了，那就attach（把debug的工具附加上去）// 如果你开始debug的时机和你启动项目的时机是相同的，那就launch"request":"launch",// debug的类型，launch表示启动，attach表示附加// The reader-friendly name to appear in the Debug launch configuration drop-down."name":"C++ Debug",// 在VSCode侧边栏Run那里看到的名字（可以随便起）/* ------ some optional attributes available to all launch configurations ------ */// To launch a task before the start of a debug session, set this attribute to the label of a task specified in tasks.json."preLaunchTask":"g++ compile",//在调试之前要进行的工作 compile是在 tasks.json 的编译任务里面的label/* ------ Many debuggers support some of the following attributes: ------ */// executable or file to run when launching the debugger// ！！不要在程序和代码的路径及文件名中出现空格！！否则无法调试（我尝试解决这个问题，但真的无法解决）"program":"${fileDirname}/${fileBasenameNoExtension}.out",// debug的对象(-g编译出来的二进制文件)，需要和.vscode/tasks.json中生成的可执行文件一致// arguments passed to the program to debug"args":[],// 比如运行你的程序添加输入参数（argc/argv），需要在这里添加// Environment variables to add to the environment for the program"environment":[],// 放置环境变量// current working directory for finding dependencies and other files"cwd":"${workspaceFolder}",// break immediately when the program launches"stopAtEntry":false,// If true, a console is launched for the debuggee.// If false, on Linux and Windows, it will appear in the Integrated Console."externalConsole":true,// 为true则会打开系统终端在其中进行交互// 如果为 true，则为调试对象启动控制台。如果为 false，它在 Linux 和 Windows 上会显示在集成控制台中// macOS不适用：https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/cpp/launch-json-reference#_externalconsole/* ------ Customizing GDB or LLDB ------ */// Indicates the debugger that VS Code will connect to. Must be set to gdb or lldb. // 但是macOS只安装了llbd（有可能是安装命令行工具的时候安装的），那就用lldb吧"MIMode":"lldb",}]}
